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CONTENTS
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Download 1, Table of Contents
Page Executive Summary i
Forward iii
Background iv
The Consultation Process iv
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables viii
List of Figures viii
List of Plates ix
Download 2a, Scoping Study Report
The Murray Darling Basin 1
Distribution of Lippia throughout the Murray Darling Basin 3
Distribution of Lippia in sub-catchments within the MDB 8
Condamine 8
Border Rivers NSW 9
Gwydir 10
Namoi 12
Central West 14
Lachlan 14
Murrumbidgee 16
Murray, (Mallee, Lower Murray Darling & SA MDB) 16
Victorian Catchments 17
Western NSW Catchments 18
Western Queensland Catchments 18
Incidence of Lippia outside the MDB 19
Download 2b, Taxonomy 21
Rate of Increase of Lippia 23
Potential distribution 24
Farmer survey results 27
On farm costs associated with Lippia 29
Cultivation 29
Herbicides 29
Cost of Lippia to the grazing industry 30
Damage to roads and structures 32
Environmental impacts 33
Biodiversity 33
Threatened communities & species 34
Grasslands 37
Perennial plant regeneration 38
Ecosystem health 38
Erosion 39
Environmental costs 40
Review of current control methods 41
Herbicides 41
Cultivation 41
Grazing management 42
Research and extension priorities 44
Biological control 44
Phytochemistry 45
Ecophysiology 45
Dispersal mechanisms 46
Site characterisation 47
Vegetation management 48
Awareness & education 49
Threatened species conservation 49
Concluding comments 49
Summary: Distribution & Impacts 50
Download 3, References 52
Appendix I List of all individuals and organisations contacted for input into the scoping study. 56
Appendix II
Impact of Lippia on Farm - Case Studies
1. Border Rivers Catchment, NSW 62
2. Murrumbidgees Catchment, NSW 65
3. Border Rivers Catchment, Qld 66
4. Namoi Catchment, NSW 68
5. Gwydir Catchment, NSW 70
6. Balonne- Maranoa Catchment, Qld 71
7. Lachlan Catchment, NSW 72
8. Gwydir Catchment, NSW 73
9. Border Rivers Catchment, NSW 75
10. Gwydir Catchment, NSW 77
11. Namoi Catchment, NSW 81
12. Namoi Catchment, NSW 82
13. Namoi Catchment, NSW 84
14. Namoi Catchment, NSW 85
15. Condamine Catchment, Qld 87
Appendix III Farmer Survey Form 89
